Silver nanoparticles enter the tree stem faster through leaves than through roots.
Identifieur interne : 000713 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000712; suivant : 000714Silver nanoparticles enter the tree stem faster through leaves than through roots.
Auteurs : C. Cocozza [Italie] ; A. Perone [Italie] ; C. Giordano [Italie] ; M C Salvatici [Italie] ; S. Pignattelli [Italie] ; A. Raio [Italie] ; M. Schaub [Suisse] ; K. Sever [Croatie] ; J L Innes [Canada] ; R. Tognetti [Italie] ; P. Cherubini [Suisse, Canada]Source :
- Tree physiology [ 1758-4469 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical : Hydrogen Peroxide, Silver.
- Ecosystem, Metal Nanoparticles, Plant Leaves, Plant Roots, Trees.
Abstract
A major environmental pollution problem is the release into the atmosphere of particulate matter, including nanoparticles (NPs), which causes serious hazards to human and ecosystem health, particularly in urban areas. However, knowledge about the uptake, translocation and accumulation of NPs in plant tissues is almost completely lacking. The uptake of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their transport and accumulation in the leaves, stems and roots of three different tree species, downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.), were assessed. In the experiment, Ag-NPs were supplied separately to the leaves (via spraying, the foliar treatment) and roots (via watering, the root treatment) of the three species. Uptake, transport and accumulation of Ag were investigated through spectroscopy. The concentration of Ag in the stem was higher in the foliar than in the root treatment, and in poplar more than in oak and pine. Foliar treatment with Ag-NPs reduced aboveground biomass and stem length in poplars, but not in oaks or pines. Species-specific signals of oxidative stress were observed; foliar treatment of oak caused the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves, and both foliar and root treatments of poplar led to increased O2- in leaves. Ag-NPs affected leaf and root bacteria and fungi; in the case of leaves, foliar treatment reduced bacterial populations in oak and poplar and fungi populations in pine, and in the case of roots, root treatment reduced bacteria and increased fungi in poplar. Species-specific mechanisms of interaction, transport, allocation and storage of NPs in trees were found. We demonstrated definitively that NPs enter into the tree stem through leaves faster than through roots in all of the investigated tree species.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz046
PubMed: 31180506
Affiliations:
- Canada, Croatie, Italie, Suisse
- Colombie-Britannique
- Vancouver
- Université de la Colombie-Britannique
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Schaub</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sever, K" sort="Sever, K" uniqKey="Sever K" first="K" last="Sever">K. Sever</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Genetics, Dendrology and Botany, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb, Croatia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Genetics, Dendrology and Botany, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zagreb</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Innes, J L" sort="Innes, J L" uniqKey="Innes J" first="J L" last="Innes">J L Innes</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tognetti, R" sort="Tognetti, R" uniqKey="Tognetti R" first="R" last="Tognetti">R. Tognetti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via de Sanctis sns, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; 10.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via de Sanctis sns, 86100 Campobasso</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>86100 Campobasso</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cherubini, P" sort="Cherubini, P" uniqKey="Cherubini P" first="P" last="Cherubini">P. 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Cocozza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università di Firenze, via San Bonaventura 13, Florence, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università di Firenze, via San Bonaventura 13, Florence</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perone, A" sort="Perone, A" uniqKey="Perone A" first="A" last="Perone">A. Perone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, c.da Fonte Lappone snc, Pesche, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, c.da Fonte Lappone snc, Pesche</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pesche</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giordano, C" sort="Giordano, C" uniqKey="Giordano C" first="C" last="Giordano">C. Giordano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istituto Valorizzazione Legno e Specie Arboree, IVALSA-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto Valorizzazione Legno e Specie Arboree, IVALSA-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Firenze</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salvatici, M C" sort="Salvatici, M C" uniqKey="Salvatici M" first="M C" last="Salvatici">M C Salvatici</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, ICCOM-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, ICCOM-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Firenze</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pignattelli, S" sort="Pignattelli, S" uniqKey="Pignattelli S" first="S" last="Pignattelli">S. Pignattelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sesto Fiorentino</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raio, A" sort="Raio, A" uniqKey="Raio A" first="A" last="Raio">A. Raio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sesto Fiorentino</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaub, M" sort="Schaub, M" uniqKey="Schaub M" first="M" last="Schaub">M. Schaub</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sever, K" sort="Sever, K" uniqKey="Sever K" first="K" last="Sever">K. Sever</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Genetics, Dendrology and Botany, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb, Croatia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest Genetics, Dendrology and Botany, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zagreb</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Innes, J L" sort="Innes, J L" uniqKey="Innes J" first="J L" last="Innes">J L Innes</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tognetti, R" sort="Tognetti, R" uniqKey="Tognetti R" first="R" last="Tognetti">R. Tognetti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via de Sanctis sns, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; 10.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via de Sanctis sns, 86100 Campobasso</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>86100 Campobasso</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cherubini, P" sort="Cherubini, P" uniqKey="Cherubini P" first="P" last="Cherubini">P. Cherubini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Birmensdorf</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tree physiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1758-4469</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Ecosystem (MeSH)</term><term>Hydrogen Peroxide (MeSH)</term><term>Metal Nanoparticles (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Leaves (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Roots (MeSH)</term><term>Silver (MeSH)</term><term>Trees (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres (MeSH)</term><term>Argent (MeSH)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (MeSH)</term><term>Nanoparticules métalliques (MeSH)</term><term>Peroxyde d'hydrogène (MeSH)</term><term>Racines de plante (MeSH)</term><term>Écosystème (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Hydrogen Peroxide</term><term>Silver</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Ecosystem</term><term>Metal Nanoparticles</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plant Roots</term><term>Trees</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term><term>Argent</term><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Nanoparticules métalliques</term><term>Peroxyde d'hydrogène</term><term>Racines de plante</term><term>Écosystème</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A major environmental pollution problem is the release into the atmosphere of particulate matter, including nanoparticles (NPs), which causes serious hazards to human and ecosystem health, particularly in urban areas. However, knowledge about the uptake, translocation and accumulation of NPs in plant tissues is almost completely lacking. The uptake of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their transport and accumulation in the leaves, stems and roots of three different tree species, downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.), were assessed. In the experiment, Ag-NPs were supplied separately to the leaves (via spraying, the foliar treatment) and roots (via watering, the root treatment) of the three species. Uptake, transport and accumulation of Ag were investigated through spectroscopy. The concentration of Ag in the stem was higher in the foliar than in the root treatment, and in poplar more than in oak and pine. Foliar treatment with Ag-NPs reduced aboveground biomass and stem length in poplars, but not in oaks or pines. Species-specific signals of oxidative stress were observed; foliar treatment of oak caused the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves, and both foliar and root treatments of poplar led to increased O2- in leaves. Ag-NPs affected leaf and root bacteria and fungi; in the case of leaves, foliar treatment reduced bacterial populations in oak and poplar and fungi populations in pine, and in the case of roots, root treatment reduced bacteria and increased fungi in poplar. Species-specific mechanisms of interaction, transport, allocation and storage of NPs in trees were found. We demonstrated definitively that NPs enter into the tree stem through leaves faster than through roots in all of the investigated tree species.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Automated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31180506</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1758-4469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>39</Volume><Issue>7</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>18</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Silver nanoparticles enter the tree stem faster through leaves than through roots.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1251-1261</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/treephys/tpz046</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>A major environmental pollution problem is the release into the atmosphere of particulate matter, including nanoparticles (NPs), which causes serious hazards to human and ecosystem health, particularly in urban areas. However, knowledge about the uptake, translocation and accumulation of NPs in plant tissues is almost completely lacking. The uptake of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their transport and accumulation in the leaves, stems and roots of three different tree species, downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.), were assessed. In the experiment, Ag-NPs were supplied separately to the leaves (via spraying, the foliar treatment) and roots (via watering, the root treatment) of the three species. Uptake, transport and accumulation of Ag were investigated through spectroscopy. The concentration of Ag in the stem was higher in the foliar than in the root treatment, and in poplar more than in oak and pine. Foliar treatment with Ag-NPs reduced aboveground biomass and stem length in poplars, but not in oaks or pines. Species-specific signals of oxidative stress were observed; foliar treatment of oak caused the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves, and both foliar and root treatments of poplar led to increased O2- in leaves. Ag-NPs affected leaf and root bacteria and fungi; in the case of leaves, foliar treatment reduced bacterial populations in oak and poplar and fungi populations in pine, and in the case of roots, root treatment reduced bacteria and increased fungi in poplar. Species-specific mechanisms of interaction, transport, allocation and storage of NPs in trees were found. We demonstrated definitively that NPs enter into the tree stem through leaves faster than through roots in all of the investigated tree species.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cocozza</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università di Firenze, via San Bonaventura 13, Florence, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perone</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, c.da Fonte Lappone snc, Pesche, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giordano</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Istituto Valorizzazione Legno e Specie Arboree, IVALSA-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salvatici</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, ICCOM-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pignattelli</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Raio</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, IPSP-CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schaub</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sever</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest Genetics, Dendrology and Botany, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb, Croatia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Innes</LastName><ForeName>J L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tognetti</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, via de Sanctis sns, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; 10.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cherubini</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Tree Physiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100955338</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0829-318X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>3M4G523W1G</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012834">Silver</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>BBX060AN9V</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006861">Hydrogen Peroxide</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017753" MajorTopicYN="N">Ecosystem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006861" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydrogen Peroxide</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053768" MajorTopicYN="Y">Metal Nanoparticles</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018517" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Roots</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012834" MajorTopicYN="N">Silver</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="Y">Trees</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Pinus sylvestris L</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Populus nigra L</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Quercus pubescens Willd</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Ag-NPs</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">pathway of uptake</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31180506</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">5479374</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpz046</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Croatie</li><li>Italie</li><li>Suisse</li></country><region><li>Colombie-Britannique</li></region><settlement><li>Vancouver</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de la Colombie-Britannique</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Cocozza, C" sort="Cocozza, C" uniqKey="Cocozza C" first="C" last="Cocozza">C. Cocozza</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Giordano, C" sort="Giordano, C" uniqKey="Giordano C" first="C" last="Giordano">C. Giordano</name><name sortKey="Perone, A" sort="Perone, A" uniqKey="Perone A" first="A" last="Perone">A. Perone</name><name sortKey="Pignattelli, S" sort="Pignattelli, S" uniqKey="Pignattelli S" first="S" last="Pignattelli">S. Pignattelli</name><name sortKey="Raio, A" sort="Raio, A" uniqKey="Raio A" first="A" last="Raio">A. Raio</name><name sortKey="Salvatici, M C" sort="Salvatici, M C" uniqKey="Salvatici M" first="M C" last="Salvatici">M C Salvatici</name><name sortKey="Tognetti, R" sort="Tognetti, R" uniqKey="Tognetti R" first="R" last="Tognetti">R. Tognetti</name></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schaub, M" sort="Schaub, M" uniqKey="Schaub M" first="M" last="Schaub">M. Schaub</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cherubini, P" sort="Cherubini, P" uniqKey="Cherubini P" first="P" last="Cherubini">P. Cherubini</name></country><country name="Croatie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sever, K" sort="Sever, K" uniqKey="Sever K" first="K" last="Sever">K. Sever</name></noRegion></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Colombie-Britannique"><name sortKey="Innes, J L" sort="Innes, J L" uniqKey="Innes J" first="J L" last="Innes">J L Innes</name></region><name sortKey="Cherubini, P" sort="Cherubini, P" uniqKey="Cherubini P" first="P" last="Cherubini">P. Cherubini</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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